Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CAADC) Practice Exam

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Which of these describes external validity?

The causal relationship between changes in the independent and dependent variables
Generalizability of results
Statistically consistent results
Specific value of results

The correct answer is: Generalizability of results

External validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to, or have relevance for, settings, people, times, and measures beyond the specific conditions of the study. Therefore, the aspect of generalizability of results aptly describes external validity. When researchers consider external validity, they are assessing whether the findings from their study can be applicable in real-world situations or across various populations. This is crucial in fields like counseling, where the aim is to apply findings from research to broader groups of clients or different therapeutic contexts. In contrast, while other options such as causal relationships, statistical consistency, and specific values can be important aspects of research, they pertain more to internal validity and the reliability of the results within the confines of the study rather than the broader applicability of those results. Thus, the emphasis on generalizability directly aligns with the definition and importance of external validity in research contexts.