Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CAADC) Practice Exam

In the DSM-5, what characterizes an unexpected panic attack?

1. A panic attack triggered by a specific situation

2. A panic attack with an obvious trigger

3. A panic attack unrelated to an obvious trigger

4. A panic attack triggered by anticipation of illness

The correct answer is: A panic attack unrelated to an obvious trigger

An unexpected panic attack is characterized by its occurrence without any apparent or identifiable trigger. This means that the individual experiences a panic attack spontaneously, without any preceding stressful event or environmental cue that could have prompted the attack. According to the DSM-5, these attacks can happen at any time, often leading to significant distress and concern about future attacks because individuals may feel a loss of control over their experiences. In contrast, the other options describe panic attacks that are associated with clear triggers (such as specific situations or fears), which distinguish them from unexpected panic attacks. Option A refers to panic attacks that are clearly linked to particular scenarios, while option B describes those that have obvious triggers. Option D involves panic attacks brought on by the anticipation of becoming ill, which also implies a specific context or trigger. Thus, the hallmark of an unexpected panic attack is its lack of an identifiable cause, reflecting unpredictability and often exacerbating the anxiety the individual may already be experiencing.